Digestive System - 1

A) Oral Cavity

1. cavum oris - musculus mylohyoideus, hard & soft palate, cheek, lips, fauces
   
2. section - vestibulum oris, cavitas oris propria
   
3. gums - alveolar process

*comissura labiorum

B) Palate

1. palatum durum - processus palatinus, lamina horizontalis
2. palatum molle

• horizontal, vertical (palatin vellum), uvula
• mucosal fold - palatoglossal palatopharyngeal
• muscles m. tensor veli palatini, m. levator veli palatine, m. uvulae, m. palatoglossus, m. palatopharyngeus.

C) Tongue

1. apex, corpus, radix
2. papilae - filiformes, fungiform, foliatae, vallatae
3. muslces

• proper muscle - m. longitudinalis superior, m. longitudinalis inferior, m. transversus linguae, m. verticalis linguae
• skeletal muscle - m. genioglossus, m. hyoglossus, m. styloglossus

D) Pharynx

1. types - nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
2. wall

• mucosa - m. consrictor pharyngeus superior, medianus, inferior (pharyngeal constrictor); m/ stylopharyngeal, m. palatopharyngeus (elevator of pharynx)
  

1. entrance to larynx

• top - epiglottis
• side - aryepiglottis fold
• btm - akytenoid cartilage
  

1. topography
   

• anterior - choanae
• lateral - Eustachian tube
• inferior - oesophagus
• posterior - cervical part of spine, prevertebral muscle n lamina or cervical fascia
• superior - tuberculum pharyngeum, side of pyramids, medial lamina

E) Oesophagus

1. part - cervical, thoracic, abdominal
2. wall

• mucosa
• submucosa
• muscularis - internal, external

F) Stomach

1. Shape - brachiomorphic, delochomorphic, mesomorgphic
2. anatomy - anterior n posterior wall, cardiac orifice, cardia, fundus gastricus, corpus, curvatura major et minor, pylorus
3. location, position
4. ligaments - lig. hepatogastricum, lig. gastricolicum
5. wall

• mucosa - gastric gastric gland (proper, pyloric, cardiac); fundal, pyloric, cardiac
  
• submucosa
• tunica muscularis - external, middle, internal
• serosa
  

Amebiasis

Who know about the above character?? haa?? no one knows?? shame on u (style Valeriya)... These 3 stooges r Amoeba Boys from the character in Power Puff Girl... yup yg blossom, bubbles n buttercup tu... fuhh.. i still remember their names :-p well, nmpk cute kan kat pic tu... tp meh cni den nk citer ape creature comel ni leh wat kat kiter...

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amoeba comes from kingdom Protozoa... dyer unicellular organism tp dyer adalah eukaryotic... so, what is amebiasis??? hmmm... its a intestinal disease yg disebabkan oleh Entamoeba Histolytica.. slalu nyer dyer mantain dlm body kiter without caused any harm (cystic stage), but when the condition is unfavourable, it can transform into unstable form called traphezoid...

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so, what are the symptoms kalo seseorg tu dh kene illness ni?? slalu nyer org tu experienced cerry berry (diarrhea), cramping kat abdominal, loya (nausea), bloody stool, n ilang selera mam... kenapa rase sakit2 tu??? sbb dyer caused inflammation (radang) of the intestinal lining... in worst case dyer masuk kat blood stream n inflamme the other organ..

Inflammation of the intestinal lining

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so, camner org leh dpt lak bende amoeba ni??? opkoss thru ingestion of mknn or air yg tercemar (contiminated)... kalo kongsi tuala pon ade possibilities utk dpt... hahahha... jaga2 k... kpd mak2 kat luar nun, tolong jg2 anak2 anda k... sbb mostly bdk2 kene sbb dorg suker main kotor... tp org dewasa suker main 'kotor' :-p

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so, camner nk prevent??? since x der vaccine kat penyakit ni, so the best way is thru prevention... PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE aite??? so, rajin2 ah basuh tgn gune DETTOL sbg contoh jer k... x der nyer nk promote bende alah tu... gune sanitizer... msk mknn n air tu btol2... jgn main lantak jer sumer bende... so, last word, kalo sakit tu jumpe lah doktor cepat2... jgn lengah2kan... kang dh serius kang baru tau....

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Ditaip oleh Dr. Ajiz :-p (nk berangan jap jer)

Kanak-kanak Rebina

Future Doctors

Hanna
Najmi Najwa

Najla

Kimi, Hani, Maryam
Arief

Ayu

Ahmad

Ariel

this morning, i woke up at 7.30 n bersiap2 to go to self-claim medical conference (actually lecture bese jer). since im really bored sitting at this komnata (room), so, i decided to go to that conference... its about peadiatric... the lec was given by Dr. Shan Ong... he's a Consultant Developmental Paediatrician in Sydney but actually he's a Malaysian... so, the lec is about

"EARLY DEVELOPMENTAL WARNING SIGNS IN YOUNG INFANT AND YOUNG CHILDREN"

yeah... sound boring rite?? mmg boring pon.. tp since i hv nothing to do... so, bende yg boring pon nmpk x boring :-P

anyway... back to the lec... so basically he explained about normal behaviour, behaviour prob, causes, developmental assessment n .... erkk nguap dah ker bace bende ni?? ok2... i know is boring... ill skip this part.. so let me share what i know about this little creature call kids... since ive 11 nieces n nephews all together which thier age below 6, so ive exp with the kids...

firstly what i want to type is i really missed my nieces n nephews... that lec open my heart to be more gentle towards them n be more patience... to tell the truth i cant stand them... well maybe that time i was a normal teenager... slalu nk memberontak n marah... but, i guess im still able to manage my anger properly back then...

i know they r very cute... but that fact can only be used when they sit properly n mind their own business... but when they start to cry... ur eardrum starts to vibrate vigorously n their high pitch voice can even make supersonic wave... seriously... well, they just a kid... we r the adults (tgh pasan jd org dewasa ni) dh pandai pikir dah... so, wat per nk marah2... we're not like small kids who cannot think wisely... all the kids want is just an attention... so, give them attention... simple rite?? hahhaa... not that simple i know... cos we also hv our own things to do... i understand.... but i want to say is just, pls love them... x yah ah guner violence to punish them... there r many other ways to teach them a lesson if they did sumthing wrong...

tp jgn luper, the adult oso want to be love, hug, attention n nk mnja2 from the one he loves :-P so sayangilah adult gak :-P